Michigan Esthetician State Board Practice Exam

What is the definition of sterilization?

1. A process that reduces microbial life

2. A process that destroys most harmful organisms

3. A process that completely destroys all microbial life

4. A process that disinfects surfaces

The correct answer is: A process that completely destroys all microbial life

Sterilization is defined as a process that completely destroys all forms of microbial life, including bacteria, viruses, spores, and fungi. This level of microbial control is essential in settings such as medical facilities and salons, where maintaining a sterile environment is crucial to prevent infection and ensure client safety. The other definitions highlight different levels of microbial control. The first option refers to a process that reduces microbial life, which is known as sanitization. The second option describes disinfection, which kills most harmful organisms but does not guarantee the complete destruction of all microbes. The last option also relates to disinfecting surfaces, which may not necessarily result in total microbial eradication. Therefore, the selection of the definition of sterilization as a process that completely destroys all microbial life underscores its importance in ensuring an environment that is free of any potential pathogens.